Long strip of stiff cardboard made of separate pieces glued together in two staggered layers (like two rows of bricks), and folded in zig-zag fashion into a compact pile or "book." Music is scored lengthwise on the book by rectangular or round perforations. Book music is usually played on a key frame or a keyless frame (also listed in this Glossary). Most very large band organs and dance organs use cardboard music because books are generally less susceptible to tracking problems than music rolls. * Synonyms: cardboard music, music book. * French: carton. * German: Kartonnoten.

In a pipe organ, a large scale flute, usually wooden. In a Dutch street organ, two ranks of loudly-voiced melody flutes tuned to a strong celeste. Bourdon is often used generically to refer to stopped flute ranks in many types of organs and orchestrions.

See harmonic brake.

Family of musical instruments including the trumpet, trombone, baritone, tuba, and others (as opposed to the woodwind, string, and percussion families).

. French term for patented.